AccelePrep for the ACT Test 2nd Edition Student Text

214 • S URGE TO S UCCESS ! S CIENCE T EST P REP

4. Which of the following conclusions is supported by the results of both š’‡”‹‡– ʹ ƒ† š’‡”‹‡– ͵ǫ F. Antibiotics I and II have similar effects on bacterial growth, regardless of concentrations. G. Antibiotic II and water have similar effects on bacterial growth, regardless of concentrations. Ǥ Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡‡•• ‘ˆ –‹„‹‘–‹…ƒ– ʹʹι †‡’‡†• ‘ ‹–• concentration. Ǥ Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡‡•• ‘ˆ –‹„‹‘–‹…ƒ– ʹʹι †‡’‡†• ‘ ‹–• concentration. Predicting Results items require you to make inferences or predictions based on the presented experimental results and data trends. These items ƒ”‡ •‹‹Žƒ” –‘ ƒ–ƒ ‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‹–‡• –Šƒ– ”‡“—‹”‡ –Š‡ ‹†‡–‹ϐ‹…ƒ–‹‘ of data trends, except that the answers to Research Summary items are often qualitative rather than quantitative. Therefore, it is important to understand not only the experiment, but also any special results, such as –Š‡ •‹‰‹ϐ‹…ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ…‡”–ƒ‹…‘Ž‘” ‘” –Š‡ ˆ‘”‹‰ ‘ˆ ƒ •‘Ž‹†Ǥ 5. If either Antibiotic I or II could be prescribed for internal use to prevent the spread of Bacterium X infections, which recommendation, based on the experimental results, is appropriate if the cost due to the amount of antibiotic used per dose is the most critical factor (the antibiotics are equal in cost for equal concentrations)? A. Either Antibiotic I or II can be taken at equal cost. B. Antibiotic I would be less expensive. C. Antibiotic II would be less expensive. D. Neither Antibiotic I nor II would be effective in preventing the spread of Bacterium X. 1. The last sentence of the introduction states that when bacteria reproduce successfully, colonies form on the agar, giving it a cloudy appearance. Therefore, it is inferable that if bacterial reproduction or growth does not occur, the agar will remain clear, (C). 2. The plates with water-soaked paper disks are the experimental controls. A clear 2” area around the water-soaked disks similar to that found around the antibiotic-soaked disks would indicate that the inhibition of bacteria growth was not due to the presence of the antibiotic, (F). ͫǤ Both (A) and (D) are incorrect because neither statement is true with respect to the paper disks soaked in water. (C) is incorrect because the antibiotics cannot interfere with each other if they are not on the same plate of agar. So, by the process of elimination, (B) must be correct. Indeed, since the clear area never extends beyond 2” from the antibiotics, the degree to which substances can diffuse through a thick medium such as agar is limited.

PREDICTING RESULTS

Example:

Answers:

Return to the pages below to review each item:

1. p. 212 2. p. 213 3. p. 213 4. p. 214 5. p. 214