AccelePrep for the ACT Test 2nd Edition Student Text

226 • S URGE TO S UCCESS ! S CIENCE T EST P REP

DIRECTIONS: The item numbers in this drill represent the likely position of each problem in a series of 30 multiple-choice questions. Use the “divide and conquer” principle to help solve each problem. Circle your answers. Answers are on page 311. PASSAGE I Charles’s law states that the volume, V , of a gas at constant pressure is proportional to its absolute temperature T (temperature in kelvins, K): V T \ (Equation 1) Boyle’s law states that the volume of a gas at constant temperature is inversely proportional to its pressure P (pressure in pascals, Pa): / V P \ 1 (Equation 2) Experiment 1 Students inserted a 100-mL syringe and a thermometer through holes in a rubber stopper ƒ† ‹•‡”–‡† –Š‡ •–‘’’‡” ‹–‘ ƒ ϐŽƒ• –Šƒ– Šƒ† „‡‡ …‘‘Ž‡† ‹ ƒ ‹…‡ „ƒ–Š –‘ ʹ͹͵ ȋ ‹‰—”‡ ͳȌǤ Š‡ ϐŽƒ• was then removed from the ice bath and placed ‘ ƒ Š‘– ’Žƒ–‡Ǥ Š‡ ‰ƒ• ‹ –Š‡ ϐŽƒ• ‡š’ƒ†‡† as it warmed, slowly pushing the piston up the syringe. Students recorded the temperature and corresponding syringe volume readings as the ‰ƒ• ‡š’ƒ†‡† ƒ–…‘•–ƒ– ƒ–‘•’Š‡”‹…’”‡••—”‡ (100kPa). To obtain the total volume of the gas in the system, they added the volume of the syringe to –Š‡ ˜‘Ž—‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ϐŽƒ•Ǥ Š‡ •–—†‡–• –Š‡…”‡ƒ–‡† ƒ ‰”ƒ’Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡š’‡”‹‡–ƒŽ †ƒ–ƒ ȋ ‹‰—”‡ ʹȌǤ

Figure 1

Figure 2