Victory for the ACT Student Text 15e

R EADING R EVIEW • 153

Š‡ •‡Ž‡…–‹‘ †‡ϐ‹‡• –Š‡ •–”‹‹‰ †‹•–ƒ…‡ as the distance between: F. the ground and the cloud. G. a stepped leader and a dart leader. H. a dart leader and a return stroke. J. a streamer and a stepped leader. ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ •‡Ž‡…–‹‘ǡ –Š‡ ϐŽ‹…‡”‹‰ appearance of a lightning strike is created by: A. the stepped movement of leaders. B. multiple return strokes. Ǥ ™ƒ–‡” „‡‹‰ ˜ƒ’‘”‹œ‡†Ǥ D. arcing at ground contact. What topic might the author logically address in a continuation of the passage? F. Precautions to minimize lightning damage G. Other weather phenomena that cause injury H. Basic principles governing electricity J. Identifying different types of clouds According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of stepped leaders? A. They develop 10 to 30 minutes after intracloud lightning. B. As they traverse the distance from cloud to ground, they create an ionized channel. Ǥ Š‡‹” ’‘™‡”ˆ—Ž ’‘•‹–‹˜‡…Šƒ”‰‡…ƒ—•‡• streamers to develop in grounded objects. D. They emerge from the bottom of the cloud and move downward in intervals of 50 meters.

The passage answers which of the following questions? F. How does lightning produce the associated thunder? G. How far above the ground is the bottom of the typical lightning- producing cloud? H. How frequently will lightning strike a given object? J. How long does it take a cloud to build up an electrostatic charge? The author’s primary concern is to: A. warn about the dangers posed by lightning strikes. B. describe the sequence of events that make up a lightning strike. Ǥ †‹•…—•• ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ •…‹‡–‹ϐ‹…Žƒ™• pertaining to electricity. D. support the commonly held view that lightning strikes the ground.

10.

14.

11.

15.

12.

13.

The Cambridge Edge Watch out for thought-reversers, such as the word “NOT” in item #13. In this case, three out of the four answers will explicitly appear in the text; the one that is NOT included in the text is the correct answer.