Victory for the ACT Student Text 15e

470 • C AMBRIDGE P RACTICE T EST R EINFORCEMENT

3. (D) (p. 405) Science/Interpretation of Data/Comprehension . The graph gives data only for aqueous solutions, not alcoholic. Additionally, the question asks about the volume of the solvent while the table indicates the mass of the solvent. 4. (J) (p. 405) Science/Interpretation of Data/Comprehension . ‹…‡ –Š‡ •‘Ž—„‹Ž‹–›…—”˜‡•…”‘•• ƒ– ƒ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡Ž› ͸ͺι ǡ the temperature or the mass of the solute needs to be known. 5. (B) (p. 405) Science/Evaluati n of M dels/Application . According to the graph, the solubilities of gases (NH 3 , SO 2 , ƒ† ŽȌ ‹ ƒ“—‡‘—• •‘Ž—–‹‘• †‡…”‡ƒ•‡ ™‹–Š ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰ –‡’‡”ƒ–—”‡Ǥ Š‹• ‹’Ž‹‡• –Šƒ– ȋ Ȍ ‹• –”—‡ǣ •‘†ƒ Ž‘•‡• ϐ‹œœ (carbonation) as gas (carbon dioxide) leaves the liquid; in other words, the warmer the soda, the faster it loses carbonation. (A) shows the effect of pressure, not temperature, on solubility. (C) shows the effect of temperature on the solubility of a solid (sugar), which has nothing to do with the solubility characteristics of a gas. (D) deals with relative densities of gases, not with solubilities. 6. (G) (p. 407) Science/Interpretation of Data/Comprehension . Mercury’s period of revolution equals approximately ͲǤʹͷȋ’‡”‹‘† ‘ˆ ƒ”–Šǯ• ”‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘Ȍ α ( ) 0.25 365.3 90 days days . . Mercury’s period of rotation equals approximately ͸Ͳȋ’‡”‹‘† ‘ˆ ƒ”–Šǯ• ) ( ) 60 1 60 rotation day days . The ratio of Mercury’s revolution to rotation is 60 90 2 3 . 7. (A) (p. 407) Science/Interpretation of Data/Comprehension . Š‡ ϐ‹”•– ‡“—ƒ–‹‘ ‰‹˜‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ƒ„Ž‡ ʹ †‡ϐ‹‡• –Š‡ density as the ratio of mass to volume. Look for the planet in Table 2 that has a ratio of mass to volume equal to ƒ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡Ž› ͳ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡ –‘ ƒ”–ŠǤ ˆ –Š‡…Š‘‹…‡•ǡ ‘Ž› ‡”…—”› ϐ‹–•Ǥ 8. (J) (p. 407) Science/Interpretation of Data/Comprehension . According to the second equation given following Table 2, rate is distance divided by time. Divide the average distance to the sun by the period of revolution to get the relative ”ƒ–‡Ǥ Š‡ •ƒŽŽ‡•– ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡ ”ƒ–‡ ‹• –Š‡ •Ž‘™‡•–Ǥ  –Š‹• •’‡…‹ϐ‹……ƒ•‡ǡ –Š‡ ’Žƒ‡– ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‰”‡ƒ–‡•– ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡ ’‡”‹‘† ‘ˆ revolution orbits the sun at the slowest rate: Neptune. 9. (B) (p. 407) Science/Evaluation of Models/Analysis . Mercury and Mars have the same surface gravity, but not the same mass or radius, so eliminate (A) and (C). Eliminate (D) because proximity to the sun has no correlation to •—”ˆƒ…‡ ‰”ƒ˜‹–› ȋƒ• •—”ˆƒ…‡ ‰”ƒ˜‹–› ‹…”‡ƒ•‡•ǡ ’”‘š‹‹–› ϐŽ—…–—ƒ–‡•ȌǤ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ ȋ Ȍ —•– „‡…‘””‡…–Ǥ †‡‡†ǡ ‰”ƒ˜‹–› depends on both the planet radius and on the mass of the planet. Compare Mars and Mercury to see the effect of volume. Mars is more massive, but the smaller size of Mercury gives it an equivalent surface gravity. 10. (H) (p. 407) Science/Interpretation of Data/Comprehension . ‡’–—‡ǯ• ”ƒ†‹—• ‹• ͵Ǥͺ͸ –‹‡• –Šƒ– ‘ˆ ƒ”–Šǯ• ”ƒ†‹—•Ǥ Therefore ( . ) ( ) 2 3 86 diameter radius Neptune Earth ^ h . ( ) 7 72 radius Earth . 11. (B) (p. 407) Science/Interpretation of Data/Comprehension . Relative distances to the sun are as follows: ͲǤ͵ͻ ȋ ‡”…—”›Ȍ ͲǤ͹ʹ͵ ȋ ‡—•Ȍ 1 (Earth) ͳǤͷʹͶ ȋ ƒ”•Ȍ ͷǤʹͲͶ ȋ —’‹–‡”Ȍ ͻǤͷͺʹ ȋ ƒ–—”Ȍ ͳͻǤʹͲͳ ȋ ”ƒ—•Ȍ ͵ͲǤͲͶ͹ ȋ ‡’–—‡ȌǤ Š‡ Žƒ”‰‡•– †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ ‹• „‡–™‡‡ ”ƒ—• ƒ† ‡’–—‡ǣ ͵Ͳ ͳͻ 11 times Earth’s average distance to the sun. 12. (F) (p. 408) Science/Evaluation of Models/Analysis . Š‡ ’”‘•–ƒ–‡…ƒ…‡” †‹ƒ‰‘•‹• ”ƒ–‡ ˆ‘” ƒ ƒ ™‹–Š ʹͲͲȂʹ͵ͻ ‰Ȁ† –‘–ƒŽ „Ž‘‘†…Š‘Ž‡•–‡”‘Ž ‹• ͳǤͲ͵ǡ ™Š‹Ž‡ –Šƒ– ˆ‘” ƒ ƒ ™‹–Š Ž‡•• –Šƒ ͳ͸Ͳ ‰Ȁ† –‘–ƒŽ „Ž‘‘†…Š‘Ž‡•–‡”‘Ž ‹• ʹǤͲʹǤ Š—•ǡ ȋ Ȍ is correct. (G) contradicts the data for colon cancer, (H) ignores the direct relationship between coronary diagnoses and cholesterol intake, and cardiac arrest is a more common diagnosis than cerebral clots for men with total blood …Š‘Ž‡•–‡”‘Ž ‰”‡ƒ–‡” –Šƒ ʹͶͲ ‰Ȁ† Ǥ 13. (D) (p. 408) Science/Evaluation of Models/Analysis . The depression diagnosis rate for the second, third, and fourth ‰”‘—’• ‹• ͲǤ͵ͲǤ Š‹• —„‡” ‹• Ž‘™‡” –Šƒ ˆ‘” ‡ ™‹–Š Ž‡•• –Šƒ ͳ͸Ͳ ‰Ȁ† –‘–ƒŽ „Ž‘‘†…Š‘Ž‡•–‡”‘Žǡ •‘ ȋ Ȍǡ ȋ Ȍǡ ƒ† ȋ Ȍ ƒ”‡ ™”‘‰Ǥ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒǡ –‘–ƒŽ „Ž‘‘†…Š‘Ž‡•–‡”‘Ž ‘ˆ ͳ͸ͲȂͳͻͻ ‰Ȁ† ‹• Œ—•– ƒ• ‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡ ‹…‘„ƒ–‹‰ †‡’”‡••‹‘ ƒ• ʹͶͲΪ ‰Ȁ† ǡ •‘ ȋ Ȍ ‹•…‘””‡…–Ǥ 14. (J) (p. 408) Science/Interpretation of Data/Comprehension . Although having a total blood cholesterol level of ʹͶͲΪ ‰Ȁ† ‹…”‡ƒ•‡•…‘”‘ƒ”› ƒ””‡•– –‘ –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡•– ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡ †‹ƒ‰‘•‹• ”ƒ–‡ǡ –Š‡ ’‡”…‡–ƒ‰‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ ‹• Ž‡•• –Šƒ ͳͲͲ ’‡”…‡– ȋˆ”‘ ͸ǤͲͲ –‘ ͳͳǤͲͲȌǤ Š‡ ’‡”…‡–ƒ‰‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ ˆ‘”…‘”‘ƒ”› –Š”‘„‘•‹• ‹• ‰”‡ƒ–‡” –Šƒ ͳͲͲ ’‡”…‡– ȋˆ”‘ ͷǤͲʹ –‘ ͳͲǤͲͷȌǤ